How to create a pipeline with docker container inside Jenkins job

Exercises to complete:

1. Create a job inside a Jenkins
2. Create a pipeline inside a job
3. Add a label for a docker node
4. Install Docker plugins
5. Fix dial unix /var/run/docker.sock permissions
6. Run the job

1. Create a jenkins pipeline inside the job

pipeline {
    agent {
        docker { image 'node:18.16.0-alpine' }
    }
    stages {
        stage('Test') {
            steps {
                sh 'node --version'
            }
        }
    }
}
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2. Add a label docker, because the added docker node has label: docker

pipeline {
    agent {
        docker { 
          image 'node:18.16.0-alpine'
          label 'docker'
        }
    }
    stages {
        stage('Test') {
            steps {
                sh 'node --version'
            }
        }
    }
}
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3. Fix issue: Invalid agent type specified. Must be one of [any, label, none] by installing Docker plugins:

• Docker Commons
• Docker API
• Docker
• Docker Pipeline

4. Run the job

5. Fix dial unix /var/run/docker.sock permissions for jenkins user on a docker node. Please note that you need to have sudo privileges or root access.

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id jenkins
sudo usermod -aG docker jenkins
id jenkins

6. Restart docker on a docker node.

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sudo systemctl restart docker.socket docker.service

7. Restart jenkins

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sudo systemctl restart jenkins.service

8. Run the job

9. Change the operating system in pipeline and run the job again

pipeline {
    agent {
        docker { 
          image 'node:latest'
          label 'docker'
        }
    }
    stages {
        stage('Test') {
            steps {
                cat /etc/os-release
                sh 'node --version'
            }
        }
    }
}
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10. Run the job